MAOIs are primarily used to treat which condition?

• A. Anxiety
• B. Depression
• C. Bipolar disorder
• D. Insomnia

Answer: (B)

MAOIs, or Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, are primarily used to treat depression. They work by inhibiting the activity of the monoamine oxidase enzyme, which is responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By elevating the levels of these neurotransmitters, MAOIs can help improve mood and alleviate the symptoms of depression.

While they can have some effects on anxiety and are sometimes used in specific cases for certain types of anxiety disorders, their primary indication remains depression—especially atypical depression or when other antidepressants have not been effective. Their use in bipolar disorder is limited and must be carefully monitored, as they can potentially trigger manic episodes. Insomnia may be a symptom of depression, but MAOIs are not specifically indicated for the treatment of insomnia itself.